| ECO4 (Energy Company Obligation 4) |
Insulation, heating upgrades, first-time central heating, storage heater replacement |
Households on qualifying benefits (UC, ESA, CTC, etc.) or low EPC rating (D/E/F/G) with low income |
Often covers 100% of measure cost |
| Warm Homes Plan |
Whole-house improvements: insulation, heat pumps, solar, heating upgrades |
Low-income households; owner-occupiers and private renters with EPC below C |
Up to £12,000+ for combined measures |
| Great British Insulation Scheme (GBIS) |
Single insulation measures — typically loft or cavity wall |
Broader eligibility than ECO4 — lower-income households AND EPC D or below (regardless of benefits) |
Partial to full funding depending on eligibility |
| on energy-saving materials |
Insulation, heat pumps, solar panels, smart controls — installation labour included |
All UK domestic properties |
20% saving vs. standard VAT rate |
| Home Energy Scotland (Scotland only) |
Insulation, heating, renewables |
All Scottish households — means-tested grants plus interest-free loans for higher earners |
Up to £17,500 grant + £7,500 loan |